Array stores multiple values in one variable:

Using the array() function for creating array

 2nd method to create array Using square bracket shorthand [] (available since PHP 5.4):

Creating an Array:

1. Using the array() function.

$fruits = array("apple", "orange", "banana");

2. Using square bracket shorthand (available since PHP 5.4):

$fruits = ["apple", "orange", "banana"];

Array Types:

  1. Indexed Arrays
  2. Associative Arrays
  3. Multidimensional arrays

1. Indexed Arrays:

An indexed array uses numeric index to access elements. The index starts from 0.

<?php
$fruits = array("apple", "orange", "banana");
echo $fruits[1]; // Outputs: orange
?>

2. Associative Arrays:

Associative array use named key to access elements.

<?php
$person = array("name" => "John", "age" => 25, "city" => "New York");
echo $person["name"]; // Outputs: John
?>

3. Multidimensional Arrays:

Array can contain other arrays, Known as  multidimensional array.

<?php
$matrix = array(
    array(1, 2, 3),
    array(4, 5, 6),
    array(7, 8, 9)
);
echo $matrix[1][2]; // Outputs: 6
?>

Array Functions:

 Array function NameDefinitionExample
Basic Functions:count()count(): Counts the number of elements in an array.
$count = count($array);
sizeof()sizeof(): Alias of count().
$size = sizeof($array);
Adding/Removing Elements:array_push()Adds one or more elements to the end of an array.
array_push($array, "element");
array_pop()Removes and returns the last element of an array
array_unshift($array, "element");
array_unshift()Adds one or more elements to the beginning of an array
array_unshift($array, "element");
array_shift()Removes and returns the first element of an array.
$firstElement = array_shift($array);
Merging Arrays:array_merge() Merges two or more arrays.
$mergedArray = array_merge($array1, $array2);
array_merge_recursive()Recursively merges two or more arrays
$mergedArray = array_merge_recursive($array1, $array2);
Sortingsort()Sorts an array in ascending order.
sort($array);
rsort()Sorts an array in descending order
rsort($array);
asort()Sorts an associative array in ascending order, maintaining key-value pairs.
asort($array);
ksort()Sorts an associative array by keys in ascending order
ksort($array);
Searchingin_array()Checks if a value exists in an array.
if (in_array("value", $array)) {
    // Value exists
}
   
array_search()Searches an array for a value and returns the corresponding key if successful.
$key = array_search("value", $array);
array_key_exists()Checks if a key exists in an array
if (array_key_exists("key", $array)) {
    // Key exists
}
Filteringarray_filter()ilters elements of an array using a callback function.
$filteredArray = array_filter($array, function($value) {
    return /* your condition */;
});
Othersarray_reverse()Returns an array with elements in reverse order.
$reversedArray = array_reverse($array);
array_unique()Removes duplicate values from an array.
$uniqueArray = array_unique($array);
array_slice()Returns a slice of an array
$slicedArray = array_slice($array, $start, $length);